Long-term memory allows us to remember who we are, where we came from, and where our expectations are headed. Without the retention of certain memories, it is impossible to build a solid image of our life. For this reason, it is extremely important to learn to develop your full potential.
Long-term memory refers to memories that are stored in our brain for years. In this way, it is possible to evoke certain events that happened in the past with relative precision. There are actually two types of long-term memory: explicit memory and implicit memory.
Long-term memory or MLP is a mechanism by which we can store information for a long period of time. Information stored in long-term memory usually lasts longer than information stored in short-term memory and is often easier to recall. Although they may be slightly altered over time. Those memories that are recalled more often are much deeper and harder to forget. In addition, this type of memory is responsible for storing facts, skills and knowledge that facilitate the performance of activities autonomously and without errors, being essential for daily life.
WHAT ARE THEIR CHARACTERISTICS?
The most outstanding characteristics of long-term memory are the following:
IT IS USUALLY OUTSIDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS:
Although these memories are not constantly in our consciousness, they can be called up to be used when needed. Some memories will be more difficult to evoke than others.
NOT ALL LONG-TERM MEMORIES ARE FORMED IN THE SAME WAY:
While some memories stick quickly in our memory, others require more effort and the use of reminders or prompts. The more important the memory, the easier it will be to evoke.
FREQUENTLY ACCESSED MEMORIES BECOME STRONGER AND EASIER TO REMEMBER
Accessing memories over and over again strengthens the neural connection in which information is encoded, facilitating memory retrieval. Those memories that are not remembered can often disappear or be replaced by other information.
TYPES OF LONG TERM MEMORY
- Declarative: That information that we can express written or verbally. It is divided in two:
- Semantic memory: Set of information about the world and reality in general. It includes vocabulary, academic knowledge or what is known about each concept. For example, having the knowledge that bananas are yellow and need to be peeled in order to eat them.
- Episodic memory: Information about the events that have been experienced. For example, remembering a trip or the place where the car was left parked.
- Non-declarative: It is that information that we cannot express verbally, knowledge acquired through learning is usually associated. This type of memory is more resistant to brain damage.
- Procedural memory: It is the memory of motor movements and responsible for remembering “how things are done”. This memory is automatic and acts unconsciously. For example: Driving a bicycle after 5 years without having driven one.
- Associative memory: Refers to the storage and recall of memories through associative processes. It usually responds to a conditioning process. For example, schoolchildren know that the bell means that it is time to rest.
HOW CAN LONG-TERM MEMORY IMPROVE?
- Attention: In order to adhere to an experience or information in long-term memory, it is necessary to pay the pertinent attention to it, avoiding distractions.
- Respect the hours of sleep: It has been proven that sleeping between 6 to 8 hours helps to optimize the neural process, facilitating the fixation of memories.
- Perform physical activity: Performing exercises or any type of physical activity helps maintain the health of the neurotransmitters responsible for storing information.
- Visualization: Imagining or visualizing words or concepts helps to strengthen neural connections. For example, in a history class, imagine all the facts or visualize them to be able to associate the words with images.
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