Dyssomnias are sleep disorders that affect the amount or quality of your sleep. They may include difficulty falling asleep, waking up too early, or feeling excessively sleepy during the day.
There are three major groups of dyssomnias: intrinsic, extrinsic, and circadian rhythm. Understanding these differences can help you choose the best type of treatment.
Insomnia
Everyone has the occasional night of poor sleep, but when you can’t get a good night’s it most nights of the week, that can be very frustrating.
Sometimes it’s just a symptom of something else that is causing you to have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. That can be a mental health disorder, a physical illness, or even just stress.
Insomnia is a common problem, and it can occur in people of all ages. It’s often caused by a change in your normal sleep schedule or by a new stressor such as pain, bad news, or travel.
Insomnia can be categorized into three different groups: intrinsic, extrinsic, and circadian rhythms. Intrinsic insomnia is usually caused by things within the body, such as sleep apnea and shift work. As a defense against these neurobehavioral issues brought on by both extended awake and circadian misalignment, Artvigil 150, is a medicine that promotes wakefulness.
Hypersomnia
Hypersomnia is a sleep disorder that causes excessive daytime sleepiness and requires taking multiple naps during the day. It is a common condition that affects more than 3 million people in the US alone.
Idiopathic hypersomnia is not to be confused with narcolepsy, which has a very different underlying cause and treatment. Narcoleptics often experience nighttime sleep disturbances, whereas those with idiopathic hypersomnia do not.
Symptoms of idiopathic hypersomnia include chronic excessive sleepiness, a compulsion to take naps throughout the day, and difficulty waking up from nocturnal naps. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Waklert 150 for use in cases of extreme sleepiness brought on by narcolepsy and shift work.
Hypersomnia can also be a sign of an underlying health problem like sleep apnea, which can increase the risk of heart failure by 140% if left untreated. Medications can help reduce symptoms, as can lifestyle changes and counseling.
Extrinsic Sleep Disorders
Sleep is a vital part of our lives and a crucial function of the brain, body, and mind. When we don’t get enough of it, it can lead to problems like fatigue and mood swings.
Extrinsic sleep disorders are those that result from factors outside your control. These factors include sleeping habits, sleeping environment, work schedules, drug or alcohol use, and psychosocial stressors.
A diagnosis of an extrinsic sleep disorder can usually be made from a comprehensive history and physical examination. Treatment for this type of disorder typically involves lifestyle and behavior therapy.
This group of disorders includes shift work sleep disorder, which occurs when an individual’s work schedule consists of irregular or non-traditional sleeping hours. These sleep-wake cycles are not synchronized with the body’s natural biological rhythms and can cause excessive daytime sleepiness.
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders
Circadian rhythm sleep disorders are the disruption of the body clock’s normal timing for wakefulness. These conditions can be triggered by aging, genetics, travel, or a medical condition.
Advanced sleep phase disorder (ASPD) or delayed phase disorder (DSPD), are both types of CRSD, which occur when the body’s internal clock is two hours or more off from its usual pattern. These disrupted patterns may cause excessive daytime sleepiness and impaired daytime function.
People who have non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome also have a disturbed internal clock, which is controlled by the light-dark cycle. This is because the light signals required to synchronize the circadian clock with local time do not always get through.
The disorder can also be caused by a medical condition that causes the body’s sleep-wake cycle to go off course, such as a stroke or encephalitis. Other causes include jet lag, which occurs when your body clock does not match up with the normal it and wake times of a new environment.
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